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Dr. Camara Jones, an African-American woman doctor, brings racism in the public health system to the forefront.

Date: 2000

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A family physician and epidemiologist, Dr. Jones publishes the seminal piece, "Levels of Racism: A Theoretic Framework and a Gardener's Tale," in the American Journal of Public Health (AJPH).

In it, she "presents a theoretical framework for understanding racism on 3 levels: institutionalized, personally mediated, and internalized to raise new hypotheses about the basis of race-associated differences in health outcomes" (Jones, 2020).

She then presents: "an allegory about a gardener with 2 flower boxes, rich and poor soil, and red and pink flowers, to illustrate the relationship between the 3 levels of racism" (Jones, 2020).

Her work will influence the national conversation on the implicit and explicit impacts of racism within the system of public health, as well as on the ways to disrupt and dismantle it.